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GED gastroenterol. endosc. dig ; 31(1): 19-24, jan.-mar. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-681374

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: verificar as frequências das causas de hemorragia digestiva alta (HDA) em pacientes portadores de cirrose hepática (CH) atendidos em um hospital geral universitário. Métodos: analisaram-se os prontuários médicos de todos os pacientes portadores de CH atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia durante o período de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2008. Coletaram-se dados referentes às idades, causa da CH, presença de varizes esofagogástricas, causas de HDA e suas evoluções durante a internação. Para as comparações das frequências analisadas, utilizou-se o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: foram analisados prontuários de 359 pacientes, sendo 266 (74,1%) homens e 93 (25,9%) mulheres, com idade média (desvio padrão) de 53,6 ± 13,4 anos. Entre eles, 317 submeteram-se à endoscopia digestiva alta e 246 (77,6%) tinham varizes esofágicas ou esofagogástricas; 115 (32,0%) apresentaram HDA e as causas foram varizes esofágicas (65,2%), úlcera péptica gástrica (12,2%) ou duodenal (6,1%), varizes gástricas (5,2%), síndrome de Mallory-Weiss (1,7%) e lesão aguda da mucosa gastroduodenal (2,6%); em 7% dos casos, a causa não pôde ser definida. A frequência de sangramento por úlceras pépticas foi maior (OR = 4,67; IC = 1,35 ? 16,16) entre os pacientes com CH com causa alcoólica [18/208 (8,6%) vs 3/151 (2,0%)]. Entre os 21 (18,3%) pacientes que morreram, as causas da HDA foram varizes esofágicas em 13 (52,4%) e gástricas em 2 (9,5%); em 8 (38,1%) não foram identificadas. Conclusão: um terço dos pacientes teve HDA e as causas mais frequentes foram as varizes esofagogástricas. Sangramentos por úlcera péptica foram mais frequentes entre os pacientes com CH de causa alcoólica. As frequências de mortes durante a internação foram semelhantes àquelas descritas na literatura hodiernamente.


Objectives: to assess the frequency of the causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) attended at an university teaching hospital. Methods: we analyzed the medical records of all patients with LC treated at the Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Uberlandia in the period from January 2006 to December 2008. The data were collected regarding age, cause of LC, esophagogastric varices, causes of UGIB and its evolution during hospitalization. For comparisons of frequencies analyzed, Fisher?s exact test was employed. Results: we analyzed 359 patients? medical records, 266 (74.1%) men and 93 (25.9%) women with a mean age of (SD) 53.6 ± 13.4 years. Among them, 317 were submitted to the esophagogastroduodenoscopy and 246 (77.6%) had esophageal or esophagogastric varices, 115 (32.0%) had UGIB and the causes were esophageal varices (65.2%), gastric (12 2%) or duodenal (6.1%) peptic ulcers, gastric varices (5.2%), Mallory-Weiss syndrome (1.7%) and acute erosive gastroduodenitis(2.6%); in 7% of cases the cause could not be defined. The frequency of bleeding peptic ulcers was higher (OR = 4.67, CI: 1.35 to 16.16) among patients with LC due to alcohol (18/208 [8.6%]vs 3/151 [2.0%]). Among the 21 (18.3%) patients who died, the causes of UGIB were esophageal varices in 13 (52.4%) and gastric varices in 2 (9.5%); in 8 (38.1%) it was not identified. Conclusion: one third of patients had UGIB and the most frequent causes were the esophagogastric varices. Peptic ulcer bleeding was more frequent among patients with LC due to alcoholism. The frequency of deaths during hospitalization was similar to those described in today is literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage , Liver Cirrhosis , Peptic Ulcer , Esophageal and Gastric Varices , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Hospitals, University , Hypertension, Portal , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic
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